That seasonal reversal turns Tonlé Sap Lake into a vast flood-storage system supporting wetlands, fisheries and rice production.
river confluence
Chaktomuk Confluence
Verified facts
Chaktomuk means “four faces,” a reference to the four branches formed where the Mekong, Tonlé Sap and Bassac meet at Phnom Penh.
During the wet season, the Tonlé Sap River reverses direction and carries Mekong water away from Phnom Penh toward the Great Lake.
The Mekong basin covers about 795,000 square kilometers and carries a mean annual discharge of roughly 14,500 cubic meters per second.
The Chaktomuk junction functions as a transport hub for craft ranging from fishing boats and high-speed passenger boats to 5,000-deadweight-ton cargo vessels.
The Mekong descends from roughly 4,500 meters on the Tibetan Plateau and runs about 4,800 kilometers through six countries.
At Phnom Penh, wet-season Mekong discharge can reach about twenty times the dry-season flow.
Phnom Penh's autonomous port dredges the confluence continuously to keep navigation channels open.
French accounts called the same confluence Quatre Bras, or “four arms.”
A 2012 USGS survey mapped Chaktomuk riverbed elevations from about 24.08 meters below to 1.54 meters above the Ha Tien 1960 datum.
Where it fits
Phnom Penh